ethos /ˈiˌθɑs/
 民族精神,社會思潮,風氣


 E·thos n.
 1.  The character, sentiment, or disposition of a community or people, considered as a natural endowment; the spirit which actuates manners and customs; also, the characteristic tone or genius of an institution or social organization.
 2.  esthetics The traits in a work of art which express the ideal or typic character -- character as influenced by the ethos (sense 1) of a people -- rather than realistic or emotional situations or individual character in a narrow sense; -- opposed to pathos.

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 ethos
      n : (anthropology) the distinctive spirit of a culture or an
          era; "the Greek ethos"