syn·ec·do·che /səˈnɛkdə(ˌ)ki/
 提喻法


 Syn·ec·do·che n.  Rhet. A figure or trope by which a part of a thing is put for the whole (as, fifty sail for fifty ships), or the whole for a part (as, the smiling year for spring), the species for the genus (as, cutthroat for assassin), the genus for the species (as, a creature for a man), the name of the material for the thing made, etc.

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 synecdoche
      n : substituting a more inclusive term for a less inclusive one
          or vice versa