util·i·tar·i·an·ism /-iəˌnɪzəm/
 功利主義
 U·til·i·ta·ri·an·ism n.
 1. The doctrine that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the end and aim of all social and political institutions.
 2. The doctrine that virtue is founded in utility, or that virtue is defined and enforced by its tendency to promote the highest happiness of the universe.
 3. The doctrine that utility is the sole standard of morality, so that the rectitude of an action is determined by its usefulness.
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 utilitarianism
      n : doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as
          elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was
          said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number