hard·ship /ˈhɑrdˌʃɪp/
受苦,吃苦;苦難,困苦
Hard·ship n. That which is hard to bear, as toil, privation, injury, injustice, etc.
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hardship
n 1: a state of misfortune or affliction; "debt-ridden farmers
struggling with adversity"; "a life of hardship" [syn: adversity,
hard knocks]
2: something hard to endure; "the asperity of northern winters"
[syn: asperity, grimness, rigor, rigour, severity,
rigorousness]
3: something that causes or entails suffering; "I cannot think
it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than
to women"- James Boswell; "the many hardships of frontier
life"