re·al·ism /ˈriəˌlɪzəm, ˈrɪə-/
 寫實主義,現實,實在論


 Re·al·ism n.
 1. Philos. (a) As opposed to nominalism, the doctrine that genera and species are real things or entities, existing independently of our conceptions. According to realism the Universal exists ante rem (Plato), or in re (Aristotle). (b) As opposed to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there is an immediate cognition of the external object, and our knowledge of it is not mediate and representative.
 2. Art & Lit. Fidelity to nature or to real life; representation without idealization, and making no appeal to the imagination; adherence to the actual fact.

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 realism
      n 1: the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring
           practicality and literal truth [syn: pragmatism]
      2: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical object
         continue to exist when not perceived [syn: naive realism]
      3: the state of being actual or real; "the reality of his
         situation slowly dawned on him" [syn: reality, realness]
         [ant: unreality]
      4: an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and
         writers strove for detailed realistic and factual
         description [syn: naturalism]
      5: (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract
         concepts exist independent of their names [syn: Platonism]