nat·u·ral·ism /ˈnæʧərəˌlɪzəm, ˈnæʧrə-/
 自然主義,本能行動


 Nat·u·ral·ism n.
 1. A state of nature; conformity to nature.
 2. Metaph. The doctrine of those who deny a supernatural agency in the miracles and revelations recorded in the Bible, and in spiritual influences; also, any system of philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature to a blind force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed laws, excluding origination or direction by one intelligent will.
 3. The theory that art or literature should conform to nature; realism; also, the quality, rendering, or expression of art or literature executed according to this theory.
 4. Specifically: The principles and characteristics professed or represented by a 19th-century school of realistic writers, notably by Zola and Maupassant, who aimed to give a literal transcription of reality, and laid special stress on the analytic study of character, and on the scientific and experimental nature of their observation of life.

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 naturalism
      n 1: (philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood
           in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or
           supernatural explanations
      2: an artistic movement in 19th century France; artists and
         writers strove for detailed realistic and factual
         description [syn: realism]