amyl alcohol 名詞
 戊醇
 Al·co·hol n.
 1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.]
 2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by distillation. [Obs.]
 3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit (called also ethyl alcohol or ethanol, CH3.CH2.OH); the spirituous or intoxicating element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely a liquid containing it in considerable quantity. It is extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have undergone vinous fermentation.
 Note: [The ferementation is usually carried out by addition of brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae to an aqueous solution containing carbohydrates.]
 Note: ☞ As used in the U. S. “Pharmacopœia,” alcohol contains 91 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 9 per cent of water; and diluted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by weight of ethyl alcohol and 54.5 per cent of water.
 4. Organic Chem. A class of compounds analogous to vinic alcohol in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5.OH); methyl forms methyl alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood alcohol; amyl forms amyl alcohol (C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc.
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 Am·yl al·co·hol. Org. Chem. Any of eight isomeric liquid alcohols (C5H11.OH), transparent, colorless liquids. It is the hydroxide of amyl. Also called amylic alcohol.   The amyl alcohol obtained from fusel oil is mostly isoamyl alcohol  (3-methyl-1-butanol or 1-hydroxy-3-methylbutane), with some sec-amyl alcohol (2-methyl-1-butanol or 2-pentanol), and has a characteristic peculiar odor. Other than n-amyl alcohol (also called 1-pentanol) the other isomeric pentanols are not usually refered to as amyl alcohol.  The amyl alcohol mixture in fusel oil forms a colorless liquid with a peculiar cough-exciting odor and burning taste. It is used as a source of amyl compounds, such as amyl acetate, amyl nitrite, etc.
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 A·myl·ic a. Chem. Pertaining to, or derived from, amyl; as, amylic ether.
 Amylic alcohol Chem., same as amyl alcohol.
 Amylic fermentation Chem., a process of fermentation in starch or sugar in which amyl alcohol is produced.
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 amyl alcohol
      n : a mixture of 2 or more isomeric alcohols; used as a solvent
          and in organic synthesis