grinding
 (a.)磨的,碾的,磨擦的


 grinding
 研磨


 Grind v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ground p. pr. & vb. n. Grinding.]
 1. To reduce to powder by friction, as in a mill, or with the teeth; to crush into small fragments; to produce as by the action of millstones.
    Take the millstones, and grind meal.   --Is. xivii. 2.
 2. To wear down, polish, or sharpen, by friction; to make smooth, sharp, or pointed; to whet, as a knife or drill; to rub against one another, as teeth, etc.
 3. To oppress by severe exactions; to harass.
    To grind the subject or defraud the prince.   --Dryden.
 4. To study hard for examination; -- commonly used with away; as, to grind away at one's studies. [College Slang]


 Grind·ing, a. & n. from Grind.
 Grinding frame, an English name for a cotton spinning machine.
 Grinding mill. (a) A mill for grinding grain. (b) A lapidary's lathe.

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 grinding
      n 1: matter resulting from the process of grinding; "vegetable
           grindings clogged the drain"
      2: a harsh and strident sound (as of the grinding of gears)
      3: the wearing down of rock particles by friction due to water
         or wind or ice [syn: abrasion, attrition, detrition]