first-hand
 (a.)直接的,第一手的(ad.)直接地


 First-hand a. Obtained directly from the first or original source; hence, without the intervention of an agent; -- of information; as, a firsthand report; firsthand information; firsthand knowledge.
 Syn: -- direct, original.
    One sphere there is . . . where the apprehension of him is first-hand and direct; and that is the sphere of our own mind.   --J. Martineau.

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 firsthand
      adj : received directly from a source; "firsthand information"
      adv : at first hand or directly; "I heard this story firsthand"