pre·sume /prɪˈzum/
 (vt.)假定,推測,擅自,意味著(vi.)擅自行動,相信


 Pre·sume v. t. [imp. & p. p. Presumed p. pr. & vb. n. Presuming.]
 1. To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained.
    Dare he presume to scorn us in this manner?   --Shak.
    Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve.   --Milton.
 2. To take or suppose to be true, or entitled to belief, without examination or proof, or on the strength of probability; to take for granted; to infer; to suppose.
    Every man is to be presumed innocent till he is proved to be guilty.   --Blackstone.
 What rests but that the mortal sentence pass, . . .
 Which he presumes already vain and void,
 Because not yet inflicted?   --Milton.


 Pre·sume, v. i.
 1. To suppose or assume something to be, or to be true, on grounds deemed valid, though not amounting to proof; to believe by anticipation; to infer; as, we may presume too far.
 2. To venture, go, or act, by an assumption of leave or authority not granted; to go beyond what is warranted by the circumstances of the case; to venture beyond license; to take liberties; -- often with on or upon before the ground of confidence.
    Do not presume too much upon my love.   --Shak.
    This man presumes upon his parts.   --Locke.

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 presume
      v 1: take to be the case or to be true; accept without
           verification or proof; "I assume his train was late"
           [syn: assume, take for granted]
      2: take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission;
         "How dare you call my lawyer?" [syn: make bold, dare]
      3: constitute reasonable evidence for; "A restaurant bill
         presumes the consumption of food"
      4: take liberties or act with too much confidence