apol·o·gy /əˈpɑləʤi/
 賠禮,道歉,認錯;辯解,辯護;勉強替代品


 A·pol·o·gy n.; pl. Apologies.
 1. Something said or written in defense or justification of what appears to others wrong, or of what may be liable to disapprobation; justification; as, Tertullian's Apology for Christianity.
    It is not my intention to make an apology for my poem; some will think it needs no excuse, and others will receive none.   --Dryden.
 2. An acknowledgment intended as an atonement for some improper or injurious remark or act; an admission to another of a wrong or discourtesy done him, accompanied by an expression of regret.
 3. Anything provided as a substitute; a makeshift.
    He goes to work devising apologies for window curtains.   --Dickens.
 Syn: -- Excuse.
 Usage: An apology, in the original sense of the word, was a pleading off from some charge or imputation, by explaining and defending one's principles or conduct. It therefore amounted to a vindication. One who offers an apology, admits himself to have been, at least apparently, in the wrong, but brings forward some palliating circumstance, or tenders a frank acknowledgment, by way of reparation. We make an apology for some breach of propriety or decorum (like rude expressions, unbecoming conduct, etc.), or some deficiency in what might be reasonably expected. We offer an excuse when we have been guilty of some breach or neglect of duty; and we do it by way of extenuating our fault, and with a view to be forgiven. When an excuse has been accepted, an apology may still, in some cases, be necessary or appropriate. “An excuse is not grounded on the claim of innocence, but is rather an appeal for favor resting on some collateral circumstance. An apology mostly respects the conduct of individuals toward each other as equals; it is a voluntary act produced by feelings of decorum, or a desire for the good opinion of others.”


 A·pol·o·gy v. i. To offer an apology. [Obs.]
    For which he can not well apology.   --J. Webster.

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 apology
      n 1: an expression of regret at having caused trouble for
           someone; "he wrote a letter of apology to the hostess"
      2: a formal written defense of something you believe in
         strongly [syn: apologia]
      3: a poor example; "it was an apology for a meal"; "a poor
         excuse for an automobile" [syn: excuse]