specific heat 名詞
 比熱


 spe·cif·ic a.
 1. Of or pertaining to a species; characterizing or constituting a species; possessing the peculiar property or properties of a thing which constitute its species, and distinguish it from other things; as, the specific form of an animal or a plant; the specific qualities of a drug; the specific distinction between virtue and vice.
    Specific difference is that primary attribute which distinguishes each species from one another.   --I. Watts.
 2. Specifying; definite, or making definite; limited; precise; discriminating; as, a specific statement.
 3. Med. Exerting a peculiar influence over any part of the body; preventing or curing disease by a peculiar adaptation, and not on general principles; as, quinine is a specific medicine in cases of malaria.
    In fact, all medicines will be found specific in the perfection of the science.   --Coleridge.
 Specific character Nat. Hist., a characteristic or characteristics distinguishing one species from every other species of the same genus.
 Specific disease Med. (a) A disease which produces a determinate definite effect upon the blood and tissues or upon some special tissue. (b) A disease which is itself uniformly produced by a definite and peculiar poison or organism.
 Specific duty. Com. See under Duty.
 Specific gravity. Physics See under Gravity.
 Specific heat Physics, the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a body one degree, taking as the unit of measure the quantity required to raise the same weight of water from zero to one degree; thus, the specific heat of mercury is 0.033, that of water being 1.000.
 Specific inductive capacity Physics, the effect of a dielectric body in producing static electric induction as compared with that of some other body or bodies referred to as a standard.
 Specific legacy Law, a bequest of a particular thing, as of a particular animal or piece of furniture, specified and distinguished from all others. --Wharton. --Burrill.
 Specific name Nat. Hist., the name which, appended to the name of the genus, constitutes the distinctive name of the species; -- originally applied by Linnaeus to the essential character of the species, or the essential difference.  The present specific name he at first called the trivial name.
 Specific performance Law, the peformance of a contract or agreement as decreed by a court of equity.

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 Ca·pac·i·ty n.; pl. Capacities
 1. The power of receiving or containing; extent of room or space; passive power; -- used in reference to physical things.
 Had our great palace the capacity
 To camp this host, we all would sup together.   --Shak.
    The capacity of the exhausted cylinder.   --Boyle.
 2. The power of receiving and holding ideas, knowledge, etc.; the comprehensiveness of the mind; the receptive faculty; capability of understanding or feeling.
    Capacity is now properly limited to these [the mere passive operations of the mind]; its primary signification, which is literally room for, as well as its employment, favors this; although it can not be denied that there are examples of its usage in an active sense.   --Sir W. Hamilton.
 3. Ability; power pertaining to, or resulting from, the possession of strength, wealth, or talent; possibility of being or of doing.
    The capacity of blessing the people.   --Alex. Hamilton.
    A cause with such capacities endued.   --Blackmore.
 4. Outward condition or circumstances; occupation; profession; character; position; as, to work in the capacity of a mason or a carpenter.
 5. Law Legal or moral qualification, as of age, residence, character, etc., necessary for certain purposes, as for holding office, for marrying, for making contracts, wills, etc.; legal power or right; competency.
 Capacity for heat, the power of absorbing heat. Substances differ in the amount of heat requisite to raise them a given number of thermometric degrees, and this difference is the measure of, or depends upon, what is called their capacity for heat. See Specific heat, under Heat.
 Syn: -- Ability; faculty; talent; capability; skill; efficiency; cleverness. See Ability.

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 specific heat
      n : the heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a
          substance one degree centigrade