Brass n.; pl. Brasses
 1. An alloy (usually yellow) of copper and zinc, in variable proportion, but often containing two parts of copper to one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely other metals.
 2. Mach. A journal bearing, so called because frequently made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer metal, when the latter is generally called a white metal lining. See Axle box, Journal Box, and Bearing.
 3. Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze. [Obs.]
    Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses, nor scrip for your journey.   --Matt. x. 9.
 4. Impudence; a brazen face. [Colloq.]
 5. pl. Utensils, ornaments, or other articles of brass.
    The very scullion who cleans the brasses.   --Hopkinson.
 6. A brass plate engraved with a figure or device. Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and generally having the portrait, coat of arms, etc.
 7. pl. Mining Lumps of pyrites or sulphuret of iron, the color of which is near to that of brass.
 Note: ☞ The word brass as used in Sculpture language is a translation for copper or some kind of bronze.
 Note: ☞ Brass is often used adjectively or in self-explaining compounds; as, brass button, brass kettle, brass founder, brass foundry or brassfoundry.
 Brass band Mus., a band of musicians who play upon wind instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc.
 Brass foil, Brass leaf, brass made into very thin sheets; -- called also Dutch gold.

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 Dutch a.  Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.
 Dutch auction. See under Auction.
 Dutch cheese, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk.
 Dutch clinker, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape.
 Dutch clover Bot., common white clover (Trifolium repens), the seed of which was largely imported into England from Holland.
 Dutch concert, a so-called concert in which all the singers sing at the same time different songs. [Slang]
 Dutch courage, the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang] --Marryat.
 Dutch door, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open.
 Dutch foil, Dutch leaf, or Dutch gold, a kind of brass rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also Dutch mineral, Dutch metal, brass foil, and bronze leaf.
 Dutch liquid Chem., a thin, colorless, volatile liquid, C2H4Cl2, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also Dutch oil. It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four Hollandish chemists. See Ethylene, and Olefiant.
 Dutch oven, a tin screen for baking before an open fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals.
 Dutch pink, chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc. --Weale.
 Dutch rush Bot., a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (Equisetum hyemale) having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; -- called also scouring rush, and shave grass. See Equisetum.
 Dutch tile, a glazed and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in the jambs of chimneys and the like.
 Note: ☞ Dutch was formerly used for German.
    Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing through that country, were mocked by the Dutch, and called fools for their pains.   --Fuller.


 Gold n.
 1. Chem. A metallic element of atomic number 79, constituting the most precious metal used as a common commercial medium of exchange. It has a characteristic yellow color, is one of the heaviest substances known (specific gravity 19.32), is soft, and very malleable and ductile. It is quite unalterable by heat (melting point 1064.4° C), moisture, and most corrosive agents, and therefore well suited for its use in coin and jewelry. Symbol Au (Aurum). Atomic weight 196.97.
 Note: ☞ Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent of silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver increases, the color becomes whiter and the specific gravity lower. Gold is very widely disseminated, as in the sands of many rivers, but in very small quantity. It usually occurs in quartz veins (gold quartz), in slate and metamorphic rocks, or in sand and alluvial soil, resulting from the disintegration of such rocks. It also occurs associated with other metallic substances, as in auriferous pyrites, and is combined with tellurium in the minerals petzite, calaverite, sylvanite, etc. Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use, and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper, the latter giving a characteristic reddish tinge. [See Carat.] Gold also finds use in gold foil, in the pigment purple of Cassius, and in the chloride, which is used as a toning agent in photography.
 2. Money; riches; wealth.
    For me, the gold of France did not seduce.   --Shak.
 3. A yellow color, like that of the metal; as, a flower tipped with gold.
 4. Figuratively, something precious or pure; as, hearts of gold.
 Age of gold. See Golden age, under Golden.
 Dutch gold, Fool's gold, Gold dust, etc. See under Dutch, Dust, etc.
 Gold amalgam, a mineral, found in Columbia and California, composed of gold and mercury.
 Gold beater, one whose occupation is to beat gold into gold leaf.
 Gold beater's skin, the prepared outside membrane of the large intestine of the ox, used for separating the leaves of metal during the process of gold-beating.
 Gold beetle Zool., any small gold-colored beetle of the family Chrysomelidæ; -- called also golden beetle.
 Gold blocking, printing with gold leaf, as upon a book cover, by means of an engraved block. --Knight.
 Gold cloth. See Cloth of gold, under Cloth.
 Gold Coast, a part of the coast of Guinea, in West Africa.
 Gold cradle. Mining See Cradle, n., 7.
 Gold diggings, the places, or region, where gold is found by digging in sand and gravel from which it is separated by washing.
 Gold end, a fragment of broken gold or jewelry.
 Gold-end man. (a) A buyer of old gold or jewelry. (b) A goldsmith's apprentice. (c) An itinerant jeweler. “I know him not: he looks like a gold-end man.”  --B. Jonson.
 Gold fever, a popular mania for gold hunting.
 Gold field, a region in which are deposits of gold.
 Gold finder. (a) One who finds gold. (b) One who empties privies. [Obs. & Low] --Swift.
 Gold flower, a composite plant with dry and persistent yellow radiating involucral scales, the Helichrysum Stœchas of Southern Europe. There are many South African species of the same genus.
 Gold foil, thin sheets of gold, as used by dentists and others. See Gold leaf.
 Gold knobs or Gold knoppes Bot., buttercups.
 Gold lace, a kind of lace, made of gold thread.
 Gold latten, a thin plate of gold or gilded metal.
 Gold leaf, gold beaten into a film of extreme thinness, and used for gilding, etc. It is much thinner than gold foil.
 Gold lode Mining, a gold vein.
 Gold mine, a place where gold is obtained by mining operations, as distinguished from diggings, where it is extracted by washing.  Cf. Gold diggings (above).
 Gold nugget, a lump of gold as found in gold mining or digging; -- called also a pepito.
 Gold paint. See Gold shell.
 Gold pheasant, or Golden pheasant. Zool. See under Pheasant.
 Gold plate, a general name for vessels, dishes, cups, spoons, etc., made of gold.
 Gold of pleasure. [Name perhaps translated from Sp. oro-de-alegria.] Bot. A plant of the genus Camelina, bearing yellow flowers. C. sativa is sometimes cultivated for the oil of its seeds.
 Gold shell. (a) A composition of powdered gold or gold leaf, ground up with gum water and spread on shells, for artists' use; -- called also gold paint. (b) Zool. A bivalve shell (Anomia glabra) of the Atlantic coast; -- called also jingle shell and silver shell. See Anomia.
 Gold size, a composition used in applying gold leaf.
 Gold solder, a kind of solder, often containing twelve parts of gold, two of silver, and four of copper.
 Gold stick, the colonel of a regiment of English lifeguards, who attends his sovereign on state occasions; -- so called from the gilt rod presented to him by the sovereign when he receives his commission as colonel of the regiment. [Eng.]
 Gold thread. (a) A thread formed by twisting flatted gold over a thread of silk, with a wheel and iron bobbins; spun gold. --Ure. (b) Bot. A small evergreen plant (Coptis trifolia), so called from its fibrous yellow roots. It is common in marshy places in the United States.
 Gold tissue, a tissue fabric interwoven with gold thread.
 Gold tooling, the fixing of gold leaf by a hot tool upon book covers, or the ornamental impression so made.
 Gold washings, places where gold found in gravel is separated from lighter material by washing.
 Gold worm, a glowworm. [Obs.]
 Jeweler's gold, an alloy containing three parts of gold to one of copper.
 Mosaic gold. See under Mosaic.

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