vital force
 生命力


 Neu·rism n.  Biol. Nerve force. See Vital force, under Vital.

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 Phre·nism n.  Biol. See Vital force, under Vital.

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 Vi·tal a.
 1. Belonging or relating to life, either animal or vegetable; as, vital energies; vital functions; vital actions.
 2. Contributing to life; necessary to, or supporting, life; as, vital blood.
    Do the heavens afford him vital food?   --Spenser.
    And vital virtue infused, and vital warmth.   --Milton.
 3. Containing life; living.  “Spirits that live throughout, vital in every part.”
 4. Being the seat of life; being that on which life depends; mortal.
    The dart flew on, and pierced a vital part.   --Pope.
 5. Very necessary; highly important; essential.
    A competence is vital to content.   --Young.
 6. Capable of living; in a state to live; viable.  [R.]
    Pythagoras and Hippocrates . . . affirm the birth of the seventh month to be vital.   --Sir T. Browne.
 Vital air, oxygen gas; -- so called because essential to animal life. [Obs.]
 Vital capacity Physiol., the breathing capacity of the lungs; -- expressed by the number of cubic inches of air which can be forcibly exhaled after a full inspiration.
 Vital force. Biol. See under Force. The vital forces, according to Cope, are nerve force (neurism), growth force (bathmism), and thought force (phrenism), all under the direction and control of the vital principle. Apart from the phenomena of consciousness, vital actions no longer need to be considered as of a mysterious and unfathomable character, nor vital force as anything other than a form of physical energy derived from, and convertible into, other well-known forces of nature.
 Vital functions Physiol., those functions or actions of the body on which life is directly dependent, as the circulation of the blood, digestion, etc.
 Vital principle, an immaterial force, to which the functions peculiar to living beings are ascribed.
 Vital statistics, statistics respecting the duration of life, and the circumstances affecting its duration.
 Vital tripod. Physiol. See under Tripod.
 Vital vessels Bot., a name for latex tubes, now disused.  See Latex.


 Force, n.
 1. Capacity of exercising an influence or producing an effect; strength or energy of body or mind; active power; vigor; might; often, an unusual degree of strength or energy; especially, power to persuade, or convince, or impose obligation; pertinency; validity; special signification; as, the force of an appeal, an argument, a contract, or a term.
    He was, in the full force of the words, a good man.   --Macaulay.
 2. Power exerted against will or consent; compulsory power; violence; coercion; as, by force of arms; to take by force.
    Which now they hold by force, and not by right.   --Shak.
 3. Strength or power for war; hence, a body of land or naval combatants, with their appurtenances, ready for action; -- an armament; troops; warlike array; -- often in the plural; hence, a body of men prepared for action in other ways; as, the laboring force of a plantation; the armed forces.
    Is Lucius general of the forces?   --Shak.
 4. Law (a) Strength or power exercised without law, or contrary to law, upon persons or things; violence. (b) Validity; efficacy.
 5. Physics Any action between two bodies which changes, or tends to change, their relative condition as to rest or motion; or, more generally, which changes, or tends to change, any physical relation between them, whether mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, or of any other kind; as, the force of gravity; cohesive force; centrifugal force.
 Animal force Physiol., muscular force or energy.
 Catabiotic force [Gr. ░ down (intens.) + ░ life.] Biol., the influence exerted by living structures on adjoining cells, by which the latter are developed in harmony with the primary structures.
 Centrifugal force, Centripetal force, Coercive force, etc. See under Centrifugal, Centripetal, etc.
 Composition of forces, Correlation of forces, etc. See under Composition, Correlation, etc.
 Force and arms [trans. of L. vi et armis] Law, an expression in old indictments, signifying violence.
 In force, or Of force, of unimpaired efficacy; valid; of full virtue; not suspended or reversed. “A testament is of force after men are dead.” --Heb. ix. 17.
 Metabolic force Physiol., the influence which causes and controls the metabolism of the body.
 No force, no matter of urgency or consequence; no account; hence, to do no force, to make no account of; not to heed. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
 Of force, of necessity; unavoidably; imperatively. “Good reasons must, of force, give place to better.” --Shak.
 Plastic force Physiol., the force which presumably acts in the growth and repair of the tissues.
 Vital force Physiol., that force or power which is inherent in organization; that form of energy which is the cause of the vital phenomena of the body, as distinguished from the physical forces generally known.
 Syn: -- Strength; vigor; might; energy; stress; vehemence; violence; compulsion; coaction; constraint; coercion.
 Usage: Force, Strength. Strength looks rather to power as an inward capability or energy. Thus we speak of the strength of timber, bodily strength, mental strength, strength of emotion, etc. Force, on the other hand, looks more to the outward; as, the force of gravitation, force of circumstances, force of habit, etc. We do, indeed, speak of strength of will and force of will; but even here the former may lean toward the internal tenacity of purpose, and the latter toward the outward expression of it in action. But, though the two words do in a few cases touch thus closely on each other, there is, on the whole, a marked distinction in our use of force and strength. “Force is the name given, in mechanical science, to whatever produces, or can produce, motion.”
 Thy tears are of no force to mollify
 This flinty man.   --Heywood.
    More huge in strength than wise in works he was.   --Spenser.
 Adam and first matron Eve
 Had ended now their orisons, and found
 Strength added from above, new hope to spring
 Out of despair.   --Milton.


 vital force
      n : (biology) a hypothetical force (not physical or chemical)
          once thought by Henri Bergson to cause the evolution and
          development of organisms [syn: life force, vitality,
          elan vital]